Friday, November 6, 2015

05/23/2015 Our Fellow Americans in this United States: Truth.

Greetings, on this Memorial Day Weekend: apologies for the length of these written and stated truths [accurate and verifiable facts] to remember this weekend!

Why have citizen voters become lazy, too busy for monitoring of their government, and afraid to take action to correct the attitudes and baseless personal opinions of officials who believe  they were elected to be rulers against the majority of citizens mandated priorities? 

Take legal non-violent actions to correct them or remove them from your government!

Why is Democracy in the United States of America on life support because your Supreme Court Ruled money is free speech? 

Those judges who think they legislate based on  their personal opinions; instead of interpreting the Constitution correctly, must be removed from office through impeachment. 

Additionally, your elected officials that do not do this must be removed from office by you! Mature adult actions are required. Child-like presentations by those you have elected:; false public representations by politicians must end completely!

Tell the Federal Communications Commission that freedom of speech and the press does not mean that public media can ignore moral laws, value oriented, and the well stated journalistic creed, by lying to people with false or muted journalism by the moneyed elite!

Money is the power that the King of Great Britain used over us to make us livestock like to be his slaves, lacking all sense of any freedom!

Money is not free speech when 147 people or families control you in plutocracy [small group control on a large scale] and oligarchy [slaves to their selfish ego centered wills]!

“The government, which was designed for the people, has got into the hands of the bosses and their employers, the special interests. An invisible empire has been set up above the forms of democracy.” Woodrow Wilson

“Let us never forget that government is ourselves and not an alien power over us. The ultimate rulers of our democracy are not a President and senators and congressmen and government officials, but the voters of this country.” Franklin D. Roosevelt

Do you need to be guilty or shamed: of no purpose, unavailing, hopeless, ineffective, fruitless, unprofitable, and unproductive:  with any lack of any kind of human decency toward moral and ethical treatment of your family, friends, and neighbors?

Will you not support what is in the Declaration of Independence… and your, the peoples laws, so as to stand up as patriots for what is good and right by your individual actions?

Not with flag waving, music, and niceties… take action to study, learn, and make American History unchangeably true again, so it is really defined and accurately taught in public education systems nationwide.

Why do you allow block grants, etc. to states, government officials are abdocating their responsibility, accountability, and the related consequences, to remove funds from the public revenues and taxes to support privatized failing solutions for education [charter Schools], health care [Medicare and Medicaid], social insurance initiatives [Social Security, food stamps, housing assistance…]…?

Why do you allow States to teach of human culture, English as a second language,  fun field trips, … lessons for the melting pot of races and countries that have ever existed: instead of common core knowledge of American History, Reading, Writing  [including cursive writing],  and Arithmetic [without calculators, cell phones… these are the educational items necessary for living beyond just existing!

"America will never be destroyed from the outside. If we falter and lose our freedoms, it will be because we destroyed ourselves." Abraham Lincoln 

"Nobody will ever deprive the American people of the right to vote except the American people themselves and the only way they could do this is by not voting." Franklin D. Roosevelt
Think about what on one of the Founding Fathers, James Madison Wrote: "If men were angels, no government would be necessary.”

Being expressed to you is the need for you to recognize and defend things almost perfectly written, actions taken, and complete life sacrifices given to do the following: 

“We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

Reflecting on the two sentences we ask the following questions of you!

Politicians, why are you so untrustworthy and prone to starting wild rumors?

Why is your plan too? “Keep your children pure to your opinions and their heads empty.”

Why was there a declaration of independence from the King of Great Britain?

Will you not support what is in the Declaration of Independence… and your, the peoples laws, to stand up as patriots for what is good and right by your individual actions?

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”

“When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation."

Why do you wear selfish foolish labels [conservative, liberal, Republican, Democrat, Libertarian, Socialist…] as falsely defining boxes of control and separation, instead being on one people as stated earlier above; and again here?

“That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. -- 
“Such has been the patient sufferance of these colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these states. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world.”

Why have you allowed congress give up oversight and change provisions of the constitution, Trade Promotion authority [fast track], to the President your power to control the President when he and his staff legislate Trade Partnerships to give up our nation’s sovereign right to protect its workers, basic human rights, the environment, safety,…?

Why are your entering into trade partnerships, that put Billions of dollars burdens upon the nations financial resources [in fines and unpaid taxes], Multinational corporations want it all [by claiming they do not reside in the United States of America [as non-person’ legal entities for business purposes]. But then we allow them to donate to national, state, and local election campaigns, lobbying, etc… when if they are really not of this country and values systems and grounded morals this country is founded on?

United State Constitution. Article. I.

Section. 1.

“All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.”

Section. 2.

“The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.”

Section. 3.

“The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.”

“Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.”

“No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.”

“The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.”

“The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States.”

“The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.”

“Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.”

Section. 4.

“The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators.”

Section. 5.

“Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.”
“Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.”
“The United States Electoral College is the institution that elects the President and Vice President of the United States every four years. The President and Vice President are not elected directly by the voters. Instead, they are elected by "electors" who are chosen by popular vote on a state-by-state basis.”

Why have you not eliminated the electoral college so that you as individual voters have more control of when you have the technology available to engage in direct individual popular elections and make election day a mandatory holiday to require  the engagement of every citizens to vote?

Why have you not fixed gerrymandering, term limits, recall, and removal processes…?
Why do you allow your government agencies to be political and completely ineffective for you (IRS, U.S. DOJ, FBI, NSA, FEC, FTC, FCC…)?

Bill of Rights.

“THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the beneficent ends of its institution.

RESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two thirds of both Houses concurring, that the following Articles be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all, or any of which Articles, when ratified by three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution; viz.

ARTICLES in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth Article of the original Constitution.”

Why are you not aware of who we are and  were as a nation with many religious backgrounds and having come from many races?

“Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor, Your Huddled Masses Yearning To Breathe Free”

Signed:'

The Founding Fathers, The Patriot Militia Men and Women, and Veterans 

P.S. more to come! 

Disclaimer: Every attempt to put quotes around others written donations to this document; we do have the time at this late date or room to show all sources, but will attempt to do so as soon as possible as dead individuals with one living human compiler and editor. Please advise him of issues in content, wording, and truths. He is not legally responsible for errors no reported or corrected in a reasonable manner!

Sunday, September 20, 2015

05/21/2015 Show respect for our serving military, veterans, and the Sovereignty of the United States Constitution!

An extremely sad day: just before memorial weekend and our recognition of our veteran’s sacrifices (dead and alive)


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

“The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a proposed regional regulatory and investment treaty. As of 2014, twelve countries throughout the Asia Pacific region have participated in negotiations on the TPP: Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the United States, and Vietnam.

The proposed agreement began in 2005 as the Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPSEP or P4). Participating countries set the goal of wrapping up negotiations in 2012, but contentious issues such as agriculture, intellectual property, and services and investments have caused negotiations to continue into the present, with the last round meeting in Ottawa from 3–12 July 2014. Implementation of the TPP is one of the primary goals of the trade agenda of the Obama Administration in the United States of America.

On 12 November 2011, the nine Trans-Pacific Partnership countries announced that the TPP intended to "enhance trade and investment among the TPP partner countries, to promote innovation, economic growth and development, and to support the creation and retention of jobs." Although the text of the treaty has not been made public, Wikileaks has published several documents since 2013. A number of global health professionals, internet freedom activists, environmentalists, organized labor, advocacy groups, and elected officials have criticized and protested against the treaty, in large part because of the secrecy of negotiations, the agreement's expansive scope, and controversial clauses in drafts leaked to the public.”

 
From the Center for Economic and policy Research: Published: 10 May 2015

“In an interview with Matt Bai, a political columnist with Yahoo, President Obama took issue with Senator Elizabeth Warren's claim that the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and other trade deals that could be allowed special rules under fast-track status, could unravel financial regulation put in place by Dodd-Frank.

"'Think about the logic of that, right?' he went on. 'The notion that I had this massive fight with Wall Street to make sure that we don’t repeat what happened in 2007, 2008. And then I sign a provision that would unravel it?'

“'I’d have to be pretty stupid,' Obama said, laughing."

President Obama may not want to rest the case for TPP on the strength of his status as a foe of Wall Street. He has not always been the strongest proponent of financial reform. Among other noteworthy items:

1) He has not sought the criminal prosecution of any executives at major banks for issuing or securitizing fraudulent mortgages, nor against executives at credit rating agencies for knowingly granting investment grade ratings to securities containing large numbers of improper or fraudulent mortgages;

2) He opposed the Brown-Kauffman bill, which would have broken up the big banks;

3) He did nothing to push cram-down legislation in Congress, which would have required banks to write-down the value of some underwater mortgages to the current market value of the home;

4) He supported the stripping of the Franken Amendment from Dodd-Frank. This amendment (which was approved by a large bi-partisan majority in the Senate) would have eliminated the conflict of interest faced by bond-rating agencies by having the Securities and Exchange Commission, rather than the issuer, pick the rating agency. (The line from opponents was that the SEC might send over unqualified analysts. Think about that one for a while.)

5) He only began to push the Volcker rule as a political move to shore up support the day after Republican Scott Brown won an upset election for a Senate seat in Massachusetts.

6) The administration had to be pushed by labor and consumer groups to keep a strong and independent consumer financial protection bureau in Dodd-Frank.

If President Obama wants to push the case for TPP he should probably rely on something other than his status as a foe of Wall Street.

Addendum:

It is worth noting that the fast-track legislation being requested by President Obama would extend for five years. This means that if a Republican is elected in 2016, they would be able to have future trade agreements approved on a straight up or down vote by a majority in Congress. If it is difficult to see how President Obama can assure Senator Warren, and other critics of fast-track, that a future Republican president would not use this power to weaken financial regulation, if they could not otherwise get the 60 votes needed in the Senate to overcome a filibuster.”


From techcdirt

“From the most-transparent-administration-in-history dept:
President Obama is apparently quite annoyed by the fact that his own party is basically pushing against his "big trade deals" (that are not really about trade). Senator Elizabeth Warren has been pretty aggressive in trashing the TPP agreement, highlighting the fact that the agreement is still secret (other than the bits leaked by Wikileaks). In response, President Obama came out swinging against the critics of TPP arguing that "they don't know what they're talking about."

He insists that it's unfair to compare TPP to NAFTA because they're different deals:
“You need to tell me what’s wrong with this trade agreement, not one that was passed 25 years ago.”

Well, Mr. President, I would love to do that, but I can't because you and your USTR haven't released the damn text. It takes an insane lack of self-awareness for the guy who once declared his administration "the most transparent in history" to demand people tell him what's wrong with his trade agreement, when that agreement is kept entirely secret.
Furthermore, multiple experts concerning things like the corporate sovereignty ISDS provisions and the intellectual property chapters have gone into great detail as to why the leaked versions have problems. They're not complaining about NAFTA. They're actually complaining about the latest drafts -- but the USTR won't acknowledge them because they're talking about leaked versions.

In fact, the only real complaints I've seen relating to NAFTA concern the fact that the government says one thing about these big agreements, but the reality is something different.

Of course, he attacks the fact that people are complaining about the secrecy as well, by arguing (misleadingly) that the deal is not at all secret:
“The one that gets on my nerves the most is the notion that this is a ‘secret’ deal,” Obama said. “Every single one of the critics who I hear saying, ‘this is a secret deal,’ or send out emails to their fundraising base saying they’re working to prevent this secret deal, can walk over today and read the text of the agreement. There’s nothing secret about it.”

I'm a critic. I can't walk over today and read the text of the agreement. Obviously, President Obama is only talking about elected members of Congress. But that's not what they're complaining about. They're complaining about the fact that the American public cannot see the text of the document or discuss the specifics of what's in there. And that's absolutely true.

And even the fact that members of Congress can actually see the document is tremendously misleading. Yes, members of Congress are allowed to walk over to the USTR and see a copy of the latest text. But they're not allowed to take any notes, make any copies or bring any of their staff members. In other words, they can only read the document and keep what they remember in their heads. And they can't have their staff members -- the folks who often really understand the details -- there to explain what's really going on.

And it all comes back to the point that Senator Warren has been making for a long time: that former USTR Ron Kirk has admitted that a big reason why they keep the document secret is that when they tried being more transparent in the past, the agreement failed. As Warren says, if being transparent with the American public means the agreement will fail, then the problem is with the agreement, not the public.

“When I keep on hearing people repeating this notion that it’s ‘secret,’ I gotta say, it’s dishonest,” Obama continued. “And it’s concerning when I see friends of mine resorting to these kinds of tactics.”

Here's a little test: can we see the current TPP documents today? No? Then it's secret. Claiming otherwise is what's dishonest.”

“We the People” can stop current trends in the United States of America (The Bosses and Law Enforcers): if we legally use our voices, writings, phone calls, emails, social media postings (tweets, posts, shares, etc.), protests, and votes in fact based truth to change the grave situations in our Democracy!
 
For two weeks “We the People” (Constituents and Voters): have tried to express our frustration to the smaller of the Congressional Legislative Bodies; The Senate.

For less than 24 hours “We the People” temporarily saw some hope: when you did not move the TPA (Fast Track Legislation) forward. The highlighted link in the previous sentence expressed true and verifiable facts and reasons we did not want the Trans Pacific Partnership.

Next, “We the People” discussed that what we needed to do and then expressed what our Federal Government must do! Did you hear us? The simple answer is “NO”: the United States Senate went back to business as usual!

When “We the People” observed this happening we respectfully shared that transparency showed that Stakeholders (values based people) needed Shareholders(multinational non-values based entities) to be removed from power in our democracy: we expressed that we knew the difference between; Right (good) and Wrong (evil) Governance in the United States of America!

“We the People” then expressed how $1.18 billion in 2014 Campaign Donations to Congress had led to complete Collusion and Corruption of politician legislators because of 
Fraud and Quid Pro Quo: we then respectful express to you what needed to be done tocorrect this situation.

Well, “We the People”, who are still being ignored, now need to request impeachment of President Obama for openly stating fraudulent facts in the U.S. Public Media; a gross crime or misdemeanor!

Additionally, any U.S. Congressional member not understanding “We the Peoples” issues tell our elected officials that “We the People” will legally request our Countries laws across the Nation by: moving "We the People" to first: through legalrevolutionary repair of the United States of America.

Finally, this battle will be over and when it is: “We the People” need the following legislative items completed in an expeditious (few weeks) order!

Friday, September 18, 2015

05/20/2015 Call your Senators: ask them what truths do your actions tell?

“We the People (The Bosses and Law Enforcers” can stop current trends in the United States of America ): if we legally use our voices, writings, phone calls, emails, social media postings (tweets, posts, shares, etc.), protests, and votes in fact based truth to change the grave situations in our Democracy!

Please, read this document and its links in their entirety and then formulate you respectful approach to telling your Senators that you do not want the Trans Pacific Partnership and what you really want the federal government to do immediately.

Then call your Senators unendingly until the stop treating us like non-constituents, living and breathing citizens, when non-breathing multinational corporation are treated like people!
  
For months “We the People” (Constituents and Voters): have tried to express our frustration to the smaller of the Congressional Legislative Bodies; The Senate.

For less than 24 hours “We the People” temporarily saw some hope: when you did not move the TPA (Fast Track Legislation) forward. The highlighted link in the previous sentence expressed true and verifiable facts and reasons we did not want the Trans Pacific Partnership.

Next, “We the People” discussed that what we needed to do and then expressed what our Federal Government must do! Did you hear us? The simple answer is “NO”: the United States Senate went back to business as usual!

When “We the People” observed this happening we respectfully shared that transparency showed that Stakeholders (values based people) needed Shareholders (multinational non-values based entities) to be removed from power in our democracy: we expressed that we knew the difference between; Right (good) and Wrong (evil) Governance in the United States of America!

“We the People” then expressed how $1.18 billion in 2014 Campaign Donations to Congress had led to complete Collusion and Corruption of politician legislators because of 
Fraud and Quid Prop Quo: we then respectfully express to you what needed to be done to correct this situation.

Well, “We the People”, who are still being ignored, are only left dis-respectful and consequential solutions to moving "We the People" to first: through legal revolutionary repair of the United States of America.

Thursday, September 17, 2015

05/19/2015 "We the People" must move Governance to first place; Respect the U.S. Constitution!!!

“We the People (The Bosses and Law Enforcers)” can stop current trends in the United States of America: if we legally use our voices, writings, phone calls, emails, social media postings (tweets, posts, shares, etc.), protests, and votes in fact based truth to change the grave situations in our Democracy!

What is Governance?

Establishment of policies, and continuous monitoring of their proper implementation, by the members of the governing body of an organization (United States). It includes the mechanisms required to balance the powers of the members (with the associated accountability), and their primary duty of enhancing the prosperity and viability of the organization (United States).

In a true effort to stop Shareholders from controlling our government; The Stakeholders,  have said no to the majorities (over 65%) views on the priorities of the Federal Government; or we must file law suits etc.


Our President and Elected Officials have told us that they want true transparency as defined as follows. Is this a bold faced lie?


What is TRANSPARENCY?



A lack of any hidden agendas; with all information being available; full disclosure is minimum for all verified agreements, practices and dealings; free from secrecy.
 

The provision of the U.S. Constitution that gives Congress exclusive power over trade activities among the states and with foreign countries.

 
United States Constitution. Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3, of the Constitution empowers Congress "to regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among several States, and with the Indian Tribes." The term commerce as used in the Constitution means business or commercial exchanges in any and all of its forms between citizens of different states, including purely social communications between citizens of different states by telegraph, telephone, or radio, and the mere passage of persons from one state to another for either business or pleasure.


President Obama you now involved in Collusion, Corruption, Fraud, and QUID PRO QUO with multi-national foreign corporations in methods that will give up the sovereignty of this nation (the United States of America).



“We the People” need to file suit with the United States Department of Justice against President Obama for these crimes.


Mr. President, you could soon be Impeached by Congress; what a legacy! Drop the whole Trans Pacific Partnership! Under:

United States Constitution. Article II. Section 4.


The President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.


Elected Officials, since you are not listening to your constituents; they must file legal actions for Collusion, Corruption, Fraud, and Quid Pro Quo with the Attorney General for each state where a member of congress voted yes to TPA (fast track) and plans to vote yes for Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP).


Enough!



Critical Legal Definitions:



What is COLLUSION?



A deceitful agreement or compact between two or more persons, for the one party to bring an action against the other for some evil purpose, as to defraud a third party of his right.


A secret arrangement between two or more persons, whose interests are apparently conflicting, to make use of the forms and proceedings of law in order to defraud a third person, or to obtain that which justice would not give them, by deceiving a court or its officers.


Baldwin v. New York, 45 Barb. (N. Y.) 359; Belt v. Blackburn, 28 Md. 235; Railroad Co. v. Gay. 8G Tex. 571, 26 S. W. 599, 25 L. R. A. 52; Balch v. Beach, 119 Wis. 77, 95 N. W. 132.


What is CORRUPTION?



Illegality; a vicious and fraudulent intention to evade the prohibitions of the law.  Action: Conduct; behavior; something done; a series of acts. The act of an official or fiduciary person who unlawfully and wrongfully uses his station or character to procure some benefit for himself or for another person, contrary to duty and the rights of others.


U. S. v. Johnson (C. C.) 20 Fed. 082; State v. Ragsdale. 59 Mo. App. 003; Wight v. Rindskopf, 43 Wis. 351; Worsham v. Murchison, 00 Ga. 719; U. S. v. Edwards (C. C.) 43 Fed. 07.


What is FRAUD?



Fraud consists of some deceitful practice or willful device, resorted to with intent to deprive another of his right, or in some manner to do him an injury.


As distinguished from negligence, it is always positive, intentional. Maher v. Hibernia Ins. Co.,67 N. Y. 292; Alexander v. Church, 53 Conn. 501, 4 Atl. 103; Studer v. Bleistein. 115 N.Y. 31G, 22 X. E. 243, 7 L. R. A. 702; Moore v. Crawford, 130 U. S. 122, 9 Sup. Ct. 447,32 L. Ed. 878; Fechheimer v. Baum (C. C.) 37 Fed. 167; U. S. v. Beach (D. C.) 71 Fed.160; Gardner v. Ileartt, 3 Denio (N. Y.) 232; Monroe Mercantile Co. v. Arnold, 108 Ga. 449, 34 S. E. 176.


Fraud, as applied to contracts, is the cause of an error bearing on a material part of the contract, created or continued by artifice, with design to obtain some unjust advantage to the one party, or to cause an inconvenience or loss to the other.

Civil Code La. art. 1S47.


Fraud, In the sense of a court of equity, properly Includes all acts, omissions, and concealments which involve a breach of legal or equitable duty, trust, or confidence justly reposed, and are injurious to another, or by which an undue and unconscientious advantage is taken of another.


What is QUID PRO QUO?



What for what; something for something. Used in law for the giving one valuable thing for another. It is nothing more than the mutual consideration which passes between the parties to a contract, and which renders it valid and binding. Cowell. Quid sit jus, et in quo consist it injuria, legis est definire. 

What constitutes right, and what injury, it is the business of the law to declare!